Established in 1990 on the basis of art. 86 of the Insurance Law dated 28 July 1990, the Polish Chamber of Insurance was a voluntary association of insurers.

Under the Insurance Law of 8 June 1995, which came into force on 22 October 1995, the Chamber was transformed into an organisation of insurance economic self-government with the obligatory membership.

The Extraordinary Assembly of Representatives which was held on 31 January 1996 adopted PIU statutes and elected the President and Audit Committee.

PIU represents the insurance sector, similarly to other organisations of economic self-government, which create the image of those branches of national economy which they represent. It enables to prepare common opinions about issues vital for insurers as well as policyholders. It integrates the insurance sector and lays the foundations for establishing an active and efficient insurance lobby.

The Polish Chamber of Insurance associates all the insurers active in the Polish market. According to the law since 1999 foreign companies have been permitted to operate in Poland through branches. The number of foreign investors in insurance companies is constantly increasing.